Film Reciprocity Failure Calculator
Calculate the Schwarzschild effect compensation for your long exposures. Ensure your analog shots are perfectly exposed every time.
Configuration
Adjusted Exposure
0.00
Required Seconds
How It Works
What is it?
Reciprocity failure happens when film sensitivity drops during long exposures, requiring longer times than what your light meter suggests.
The Formula
We use the Schwarzschild formula: Tadj = Tmeteredp, where 'p' is the film's specific reciprocity exponent.
Application
Set your camera to 'Bulb' mode and keep the shutter open for the calculated 'Adjusted Exposure Time' using our timer or a stopwatch.